general description the MAX2014 complete multistage logarithmic amplifier is designed to accurately convert radio-frequency (rf) sig- nal power in the 50mhz to 1000mhz frequency range to an equivalent dc voltage. the outstanding dynamic range and precision over temperature of this log amplifier make it particularly useful for a variety of base-station and other wireless applications, including automatic gain control (agc), transmitter power measurements, and received- signal-strength indication (rssi) for terminal devices. the MAX2014 can also be operated in a controller mode where it measures, compares, and controls the output power of a variable-gain amplifier as part of a fully integrated agc loop. this logarithmic amplifier provides much wider mea- surement range and superior accuracy compared to controllers based on diode detectors, while achieving excellent temperature stability over the full -40? to +85? operating range. applications agc measurement and control rf transmitter power measurement rssi measurements cellular base-station, wlan, microwave link, radar, and other military applications optical networks features ? complete rf detector/controller ? 50mhz to 1000mhz frequency range ? exceptional accuracy over temperature ? high dynamic range ? 2.7v to 5.25v supply voltage range* ? scaling stable over supply and temperature variations ? controller mode with error output ? shutdown mode with typically 1? of supply current ? available in 8-pin tdfn package MAX2014 50mhz to 1000mhz, 75db logarithmic detector/controller ________________________________________________________________ maxim integrated products 1 ordering information MAX2014 7db 50 20k set out 8 7 2 inhi inlo 3 6 1, 4 pwdn 5 20k 7db 7db v cc gnd power detectors offset and common- mode amp functional diagram 19-0583; rev 0; 6/06 for pricing, delivery, and ordering information, please contact maxim/dallas direct! at 1-888-629-4642, or visit maxim? website at www.maxim-ic.com. pin configuration appears at end of data sheet. part temp range pin- package pkg code MAX2014eta-t -40? to +85? 8 tdfn-ep* (3mm x 3mm) t833-2 MAX2014eta+t -40? to +85? 8 tdfn-ep* (3mm x 3mm) t833-2 * see the power-supply connections section. + denotes lead-free package. t = tape-and-reel package. * ep = exposed paddle.
MAX2014 50mhz to 1000mhz, 75db logarithmic detector/controller 2 _______________________________________________________________________________________ absolute maximum ratings dc electrical characteristics (MAX2014 typical application circuit (figure 1), v s = +3.3v, f rf = 50mhz to 1000mhz, r1 = 0 , r4 = 0 , r l = 10k , t a = -40? to +85?, unless otherwise noted. typical values are at t a = +25?, unless otherwise noted.) (note 1) stresses beyond those listed under ?bsolute maximum ratings?may cause permanent damage to the device. these are stress rating s only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specificatio ns is not implied. exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. v cc (pins 1, 4) to gnd........................................-0.3v to +5.25v set, pwdn to gnd....................................-0.3v to (v cc + 0.3v) input power differential inhi, inlo................................+23dbm input power single ended (inhi or inlo grounded).....+19dbm continuous power dissipation (t a = +70?) 8-pin tdfn (derate 18.5mw/? above +70?) .........1480mw ja (without airflow)..........................................................54?/w jc (junction to exposed paddle) ...................................8.3?/w operating temperature range ...........................-40? to +85? junction temperature ......................................................+150? storage temperature range .............................-65? to +150? lead temperature (soldering, 10s) .................................+300? parameter symbol conditions min typ max units power supply r4 = 75 ?%, pwdn must be connected to gnd 4.75 5.25 supply voltage v s r4 = 0 2.7 3.6 v t a = +25?, v s = 5.25v, r4 = 75 17.3 supply current i cc t a = +25? 17.3 20.5 ma supply current variation with temp i cc t a = -40? to +85? 0.05 ma/? shutdown current i cc v pwdn = v cc 1 a controller reference (set) set input voltage range 0.5 to 1.8 v set input impedance 40 k detector output (out) source current 4ma sink current 450 ? minimum output voltage v out ( min ) 0.5 v maximum output voltage v out ( max ) 1.8 v ac electrical characteristics (MAX2014 typical application circuit (figure 1), v s = +3.3v, f rf = 50mhz to 1000mhz, r1 = 0 , r4 = 0 , r l = 10k , t a = -40? to +85?, unless otherwise noted. typical values are at t a = +25?, unless otherwise noted.) (note 1) parameter symbol conditions min typ max units rf input frequency range f rf 50 to 1000 mhz return loss s 11 -15 db large-signal response time p in = no signal to 0dbm, ?.5db settling accuracy 150 ns rssi mode?0mhz rf input power range (note 2) -65 to +5 dbm ?db dynamic range t a = -40? to +85? (note 3) 70 db range center -30 dbm
MAX2014 50mhz to 1000mhz, 75db logarithmic detector/controller _______________________________________________________________________________________ 3 ac electrical characteristics (continued) (MAX2014 typical application circuit (figure 1), v s = +3.3v, f rf = 50mhz to 1000mhz, r1 = 0 , r4 = 0 , r l = 10k , t a = -40? to +85?, unless otherwise noted. typical values are at t a = +25?, unless otherwise noted.) (note 1) parameter symbol conditions min typ max units temp sensitivity when t a > +25? t a = +25? to +85?, p in = -25dbm +0.0083 db/? temp sensitivity when t a < +25? t a = -40? to +25?, p in = -25dbm -0.0154 db/? slope (note 4) 19 mv/db typical slope variation t a = -40? to +85? -4 ?/? intercept (note 5) -100 dbm typical intercept variation t a = -40? to +85? 0.03 dbm/ c rssi mode?00mhz rf input power range (note 2) -65 to +5 dbm ?db dynamic range t a = -40? to +85? (note 3) 70 db range center -30 dbm temp sensitivity when t a > +25? t a = +25? to +85?, p in = -25dbm +0.0083 db/? temp sensitivity when t a < +25? t a = -40? to +25?, p in = -25dbm -0.0154 db/? slope (note 4) 19 mv/db typical slope variation t a = -40? to +85? -4 ?/? intercept (note 5) -100 dbm typical intercept variation t a = -40? to +85? 0.03 dbm/ c rssi mode?00mhz rf input power range (note 2) -65 to +5 dbm ?db dynamic range t a = -40? to +85? (note 3) 70 db range center -30 dbm temp sensitivity when t a > +25? t a = +25? to +85?, p in = -25dbm ?.0083 db/ c temp sensitivity when t a < +25? t a = -40? to +25?, p in = -25dbm -0.0154 db/ c slope (note 4) 18.1 mv/db typical slope variation t a = -40 c to +85 c -4 ?/? intercept (note 5) -97 dbm typical intercept variation t a = -40 c to +85 c 0.02 dbm/ c note 1: the MAX2014 is guaranteed by design for t a = -40? to +85?, as specified. note 2: typical minimum and maximum range of the detector at the stated frequency. note 3: dynamic range refers to the range over which the error remains within the stated bounds. the error is calculated at t a = -40? and +85?, relative to the curve at t a = +25?. note 4: the slope is the variation of the output voltage per change in input power. it is calculated by fitting a root-mean-square (rms) straight line to the data indicated by rf input power range. note 5: the intercept is an extrapolated value that corresponds to the output power for which the output voltage is zero. it is calculated by fitting an rms straight line to the data.
MAX2014 50mhz to 1000mhz, 75db logarithmic detector/controller 4 _______________________________________________________________________________________ output voltage vs. input power MAX2014 toc01 input power (dbm) output voltage (v) -10 -20 -70 -60 -50 -40 -30 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2.0 0.4 -80 0 f in = 50mhz t a = +85 c t a = -40 c output voltage error vs. input power input power (dbm) error (db) MAX2014 toc02 -80 -70 -60 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 f in = 50mhz normalized to data at +25 c t a = +85 c t a = -20 c t a = -40 c output voltage error vs. input power input power (dbm) error (db) MAX2014 toc03 -80 -70 -60 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 v cc = 3.3v f in = 50mhz, t a = +85 c normalized to data at +25 c v cc = 2.7v v cc = 3.0v v cc = 3.6v output voltage error vs. input power input power (dbm) error (db) MAX2014 toc04 -80 -70 -60 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 v cc = 2.7v f in = 50mhz, t a = -40 c normalized to data at +25 c v cc = 3.0v v cc = 3.3v v cc = 3.6v output voltage vs. input power input power (dbm) output voltage (v) MAX2014 toc05 -80 -70 -60 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2.0 t a = +85 c f in = 100mhz t a = -40 c output voltage error vs. input power input power (dbm) error (db) MAX2014 toc06 -80 -70 -60 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 t a = +85 c f in = 100mhz normalized to data at +25 c t a = -20 c t a = -40 c output voltage error vs. input power input power (dbm) error (db) MAX2014 toc07 -80 -70 -60 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 v cc = 3.3v f in = 100mhz, t a = +85 c normalized to data at +25 c v cc = 2.7v v cc = 3.0v v cc = 3.6v output voltage error vs. input power input power (dbm) error (db) MAX2014 toc08 -80 -70 -60 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 f in = 100mhz, t a = -40 c normalized to data at +25 c v cc = 2.7v, 3.0v v cc = 3.3v v cc = 3.6v typical operating characteristics (MAX2014 typical application circuit (figure 1), v s = v cc = 3.3v, p in = -10dbm, f in = 100mhz, r1 = 0 , r4 = 0 , r l = 10k , v pwdn = 0v, t a = +25?, unless otherwise noted.)
MAX2014 50mhz to 1000mhz, 75db logarithmic detector/controller _______________________________________________________________________________________ 5 typical operating characteristics (continued) (MAX2014 typical application circuit (figure 1), v s = v cc = 3.3v, p in = -10dbm, f in = 100mhz, r1 = 0 , r4 = 0 , r l = 10k , v pwdn = 0v, t a = +25?, unless otherwise noted.) output voltage error vs. input power input power (dbm) error (db) MAX2014 toc10 -80 -70 -60 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 t a = +85 c f in = 450mhz normalized to data at +25 c t a = -20 c t a = -40 c output voltage error vs. input power input power (dbm) error (db) MAX2014 toc11 -80 -70 -60 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 v cc = 3.3v f in = 450mhz, t a = +85 c normalized to data at +25 c v cc = 2.7v v cc = 3.0v v cc = 3.6v output voltage error vs. input power input power (dbm) error (db) MAX2014 toc12 -80 -70 -60 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 v cc = 2.7v f in = 450mhz, t a = -40 c normalized to data at +25 c v cc = 3.0v v cc = 3.3v v cc = 3.6v output voltage vs. input power input power (dbm) output voltage (v) MAX2014 toc13 -80 -70 -60 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2.0 t a = +85 c f in = 900mhz t a = -40 c output voltage error vs. input power input power (dbm) error (db) MAX2014 toc14 -80 -70 -60 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 t a = +85 c f in = 900mhz normalized to data at +25 c t a = -20 c t a = -40 c output voltage error vs. input power input power (dbm) error (db) MAX2014 toc15 -80 -70 -60 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 v cc = 3.3v f in = 900mhz, t a = +85 c normalized to data at +25 c v cc = 2.7v v cc = 3.0v v cc = 3.6v output voltage vs. input power input power (dbm) output voltage (v) MAX2014 toc09 -80 -70 -60 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2.0 t a = +85 c f in = 450mhz t a = -40 c
MAX2014 50mhz to 1000mhz, 75db logarithmic detector/controller 6 _______________________________________________________________________________________ typical operating characteristics (continued) (MAX2014 typical application circuit (figure 1), v s = v cc = 3.3v, p in = -10dbm, f in = 100mhz, r1 = 0 , r4 = 0 , r l = 10k , v pwdn = 0v, t a = +25?, unless otherwise noted.) output voltage error vs. input power input power (dbm) error (db) MAX2014 toc18 -80 -70 -60 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 t a = +85 c f in = 1ghz normalized to data at +25 c t a = -20 c t a = -40 c output voltage error vs. input power input power (dbm) error (db) MAX2014 toc16 -80 -70 -60 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 v cc = 3.3v f in = 900mhz, t a = -40 c normalized to data at +25 c v cc = 2.7v v cc = 3.0v v cc = 3.6v output voltage vs. input power input power (dbm) output voltage (v) MAX2014 toc17 -80 -70 -60 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2.0 t a = +85 c f in = 1ghz t a = -40 c output voltage error vs. input power input power (dbm) error (db) MAX2014 toc19 -80 -70 -60 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 v cc = 3.3v f in = 1ghz, t a = +85 c normalized to data at +25 c v cc = 2.7v v cc = 3.0v v cc = 3.6v output voltage vs. frequency frequency input (mhz) output voltage (v) MAX2014 toc22 0 200 400 600 800 1000 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2.0 p in = -60dbm p in = -10dbm p in = -30dbm p in = -45dbm t a = +25 c, +85 c t a = -40 c t a = +85 c t a = +25 c t a = -40 c output voltage error vs. input power input power (dbm) error (db) MAX2014 toc20 -80 -70 -60 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 v cc = 3.3v f in = 1ghz, t a = -40 c normalized to data at +25 c v cc = 2.7v v cc = 3.0v v cc = 3.6v output voltage vs. frequency frequency input (mhz) output voltage (v) MAX2014 toc21 0 200 400 600 800 1000 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2.0 p in = +5dbm p in = -5dbm p in = -15dbm p in = -25dbm p in = -35dbm p in = -45dbm p in = -55dbm p in = -65dbm
MAX2014 50mhz to 1000mhz, 75db logarithmic detector/controller _______________________________________________________________________________________ 7 pin description pin name description 1, 4 v cc supply voltage. bypass with capacitors as specified in the typical application circuits. place capacitors as close to the pin as possible (see the power-supply connections section). 2, 3 inhi, inlo differential rf inputs 5 pwdn power-down input. drive pwdn with a logic-high to power down the ic. pwdn must be connected to gnd for v s between 4.75v and 5.25v with r4 = 75 . 6 gnd ground. connect to the printed circuit (pc) board ground plane. 7 set set-point input. to operate in detector mode, connect set to out. to operate in controller mode, connect a precision voltage source to control the power level of a power amplifier. 8 out detector output. in detector mode, this output provides a voltage proportional to the log of the input power. in controller mode, this output is connected to a power-control input on a power amplifier (pa). ep exposed paddle. connect ep to gnd using multiple vias, or the ep can also be left unconnected. output voltage vs. frequency frequency input (mhz) output voltage (v) MAX2014 toc23 0 200 400 600 800 1000 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2.0 p in = -60dbm p in = -30dbm p in = -45dbm p in = -10dbm v cc = 2.7v, 3.3v, 3.6v v cc = 2.7v v cc = 3.6v rf pulse response time (50ns/div) rf input voltage, output voltage (v) MAX2014 toc24 -1.0 -0.5 0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 v out f in = 100mhz rfin (ac-coupled) s11 magnitude frequency (mhz) magnitude (db) MAX2014 toc25 0 200 400 600 800 1000 -25.0 -22.5 -20.0 -17.5 -15.0 -12.5 -10.0 v cc = 2.7v, 3.0v, 3.3v, 3.6v s11 magnitude frequency (mhz) magnitude (db) MAX2014 toc26 0 200 400 600 800 1000 -25.0 -22.5 -20.0 -17.5 -15.0 -12.5 -10.0 t a = -40 c t a = +25 c t a = +85 c t a = -20 c typical operating characteristics (continued) (MAX2014 typical application circuit (figure 1), v s = v cc = 3.3v, p in = -10dbm, f in = 100mhz, r1 = 0 , r4 = 0 , r l = 10k , v pwdn = 0v, t a = +25?, unless otherwise noted.)
MAX2014 50mhz to 1000mhz, 75db logarithmic detector/controller 8 _______________________________________________________________________________________ detailed description the MAX2014 is a successive detection logarithmic amplifier designed for use in rf power measurement and agc applications with a 50mhz to 1000mhz frequency range from a single 2.7v to 3.6v power supply. it is pin compatible with other leading logarith- mic amplifiers. the MAX2014 provides for improved performance with a high 75db dynamic range at 100mhz, and exception- al accuracy over the extended temperature range and supply voltage range. rf input the MAX2014 differential rf input (inhi, inlo) allows for broadband signals between 50mhz and 1000mhz. for single-ended signals, ac-couple inlo to ground. the rf inputs are internally biased and need to be ac- coupled using 680pf capacitors as shown in figures 1 and 2. an internal 50 resistor between inhi and inlo provides a good 50mhz to 1000mhz match. set input the set input is used for loop control when in controller mode or to set the slope of the output signal (mv/db) when in detector mode. the internal input structure of set is two series 20k resistors connected to ground. the center node of the resistors is fed to the negative input of the internal output op amp. power-supply connections the MAX2014 requires power-supply bypass capacitors connected close to each v cc pin. at each v cc pin, connect a 0.1? capacitor (c4, c6) and a 100pf capac- itor (c3, c5), with the 100pf capacitor being closest to the pin. for power-supply voltages (v s ) between 2.7v and 3.6v, set r4 = 0 (see the typical application circuits, figures 1 and 2 ). for power-supply voltages (v s ) between 4.75v and 5.25v, set r4 = 75 ?% (100ppm/? max) and pwdn must be connected to gnd. power-down mode the MAX2014 can be powered down by driving pwdn with logic-high (logic-high = v cc ). in power-down mode, the supply current is reduced to a typical value of 1?. for normal operation, drive pwdn with a logic- low. it is recommended when using power-down that an rf signal not be applied before the power-down signal is low. applications information detector (rssi) mode in detector mode, the MAX2014 acts like an rssi, which provides an output voltage proportional to the input power. this is accomplished by providing a feed- back path from out to set (r1 = 0 ; see figure 1). by connecting set directly to out, the op amp gain is set to 2v/v due to two internal 20k feedback resistors. this provides a detector slope of approximately 18mv/db with a 0.5v to 1.8v output range. MAX2014 c6 c1 c5 1 2 out set c4 c3 4 v cc v cc inlo out 20k 20k inhi 7 8 rfin c2 3 detectors r1 gnd 6 pwdn 5 r4 v s figure 1. detector-mode (rssi) typical application circuit table 1. suggested components of typical applications circuits designation value type c1, c2 680pf 0603 ceramic capacitors c3, c5 100pf 0603 ceramic capacitors c4, c6 0.1? 0603 ceramic capacitors r1* 0 0603 resistor r4** 0 0603 resistor * rssi mode only. ** v s = 2.7v to 3.6v.
MAX2014 50mhz to 1000mhz, 75db logarithmic detector/controller _______________________________________________________________________________________ 9 controller mode the MAX2014 can also be used as a detector/controller within an agc loop. figure 3 depicts one scenario where the MAX2014 is employed as the controller for a variable-gain pa. as shown in the figure, the MAX2014 monitors the output of the pa through a directional cou- pler. an internal integrator (figure 2) compares the detected signal with a reference voltage determined by v set . the integrator, acting like a comparator, increas- es or decreases the voltage at out, according to how closely the detected signal level matches the v set ref- erence. the MAX2014 adjusts the power of the pa to a level determined by the voltage applied to set. with r1 = 0 , the controller mode slope is approximately 19mv/db (rf = 100mhz). layout considerations as with any rf circuit, the layout of the MAX2014 circuit affects the device? performance. use an abundant num- ber of ground vias to minimize rf coupling. place the input capacitors (c1, c2) and the bypass capacitors (c3?6) as close to the ic as possible. connect the bypass capacitors to the ground plane with multiple vias. MAX2014 c6 r4 c1 c5 1 2 out set v s c4 c3 4 v cc v cc inlo v out v set 20k 20k inhi 7 8 rfin c2 3 detectors gnd 6 pwdn 5 figure 2. controller-mode typical application circuit MAX2014 out set 20k 20k in coupler logarithmic detector transmitter power amplifier gain-control input set-point dac figure 3. system diagram for automatic gain-control loop 134 865 MAX2014 2 7 tdfn top view out set gnd pwdn v cc inhi inlo v cc pin configuration chip information process: bicmos
MAX2014 50mhz to 1000mhz, 75db logarithmic detector/controller maxim cannot assume responsibility for use of any circuitry other than circuitry entirely embodied in a maxim product. no circu it patent licenses are implied. maxim reserves the right to change the circuitry and specifications without notice at any time. 10 ____________________maxim integrated products, 120 san gabriel drive, sunnyvale, ca 94086 408-737-7600 2006 maxim integrated products is a registered trademark of maxim integrated products, inc. package information (the package drawing(s) in this data sheet may not reflect the most current specifications. for the latest package outline info rmation, go to www.maxim-ic.com/packages .) 6, 8, &10l, dfn thin.eps h 1 2 21-0137 package outline, 6,8,10 & 14l, tdfn, exposed pad, 3x3x0.80 mm common dimensions symbol min. max. a 0.70 0.80 d 2.90 3.10 e 2.90 3.10 a1 0.00 0.05 l 0.20 0.40 pkg. code n d2 e2 e jedec spec b [(n/2)-1] x e package variations 0.25 min. k a2 0.20 ref. 2.300.10 1.500.10 6 t633-1 0.95 bsc mo229 / weea 1.90 ref 0.400.05 1.95 ref 0.300.05 0.65 bsc 2.300.10 8 t833-1 2.00 ref 0.250.05 0.50 bsc 2.300.10 10 t1033-1 2.40 ref 0.200.05 - - - - 0.40 bsc 1.700.10 2.300.10 14 t1433-1 1.500.10 1.500.10 mo229 / weec mo229 / weed-3 0.40 bsc - - - - 0.200.05 2.40 ref t1433-2 14 2.300.10 1.700.10 t633-2 6 1.500.10 2.300.10 0.95 bsc mo229 / weea 0.400.05 1.90 ref t833-2 8 1.500.10 2.300.10 0.65 bsc m o229 / weec 0.300.05 1.95 ref t833-3 8 1.500.10 2.300.10 0.65 bsc m o229 / weec 0.300.05 1.95 ref -drawing not to scale- h 2 2 21-0137 package outline, 6,8,10 & 14l, tdfn, exposed pad, 3x3x0.80 mm 2.300.10 mo229 / weed-3 2.00 ref 0.250.05 0.50 bsc 1.500.10 10 t1033-2
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